# cancer immunotherapy

CloneTrast uses clonal identities from paired single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing as training labels, so the model learns T-cell clonal-functional states from gene expression alone and needs no TCR data at inference. Training used 26 datasets across 14 cancer types with more than 1.5 million T cells, and external testing used 11 datasets with more than 1 million T cells, including two cancer types unseen in training. On both training and test sets, patient clonal purity improved significantly over a conventional expression embedding, and one NK-like niche enriched for tumor-blood shared TCRs was associated with poor immunotherapy response across studies.

CloneTrast uses clonal identities from paired single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing as training labels, so the model learns T-cell clonal-functional states from gene expression alone and needs no TCR data at inference. Training used 26 datasets across 14 cancer types with more than 1.5 million T cells, and external testing used 11 datasets with more than 1 million T cells, including two cancer types unseen in training. On both training and test sets, patient clonal purity improved significantly over a conventional expression embedding, and one NK-like niche enriched for tumor-blood shared TCRs was associated with poor immunotherapy response across studies.

This review synthesizes the clinical evidence and resistance mechanisms for immunotherapy in ovarian cancer, noting that single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors achieve objective response rates generally below 15% in recurrent disease, that the clearest added benefit appears in chemotherapy-based combinations for PD-L1-positive platinum-resistant disease (e.g., in ENGOT-ov65/KEYNOTE-B96, median overall survival 18.2 vs 14.0 months in the CPS >=1 population, HR 0.

This review synthesizes the clinical evidence and resistance mechanisms for immunotherapy in ovarian cancer, noting that single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors achieve objective response rates generally below 15% in recurrent disease, that the clearest added benefit appears in chemotherapy-based combinations for PD-L1-positive platinum-resistant disease (e.g., in ENGOT-ov65/KEYNOTE-B96, median overall survival 18.2 vs 14.0 months in the CPS >=1 population, HR 0.