Life Sciences

The study developed a HALO AI-based placental tissue classifier that uses PLAP and DAPI staining to segment sections into villous core, villous trophoblast (VT), and intervillous space (IVS), validated area and intensity measurement in classified regions with SDC-1 and vimentin staining, and increased the area of staining analyzed to 245 times that of a single field of view on whole slide scanning images.

In 49 patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) confirmed by cytopathology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and/or MYD88 PCR, host-genome metagenomic deep sequencing (MDS) of intraocular specimens cross-referenced against the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer identified eight gene mutations associated with chemotherapeutic resistance in six specimens from four patients, including methotrexate-resistance-associated mutations in four specimens from three patients, and in one patient serial sampling at initial vitrectomy and two subsequent recurrences revealed distinct resistance-associated mutations at each time point; that patient died despite multi-agent therapy including rituximab, consolidation regimens, and lenalidomide, whereas the other three patients remained in long-te

This review surveys the diverse sources and novel preparation strategies of food-derived antihypertensive peptides, examines their multitarget mechanisms and structure-activity relationships, and summarizes how machine learning supports precise identification and activity prediction, arguing that future work should integrate advanced biotechnologies and intelligent platforms to accelerate the transition from laboratory to clinical application.

This news report describes a study published in Nature Neuroscience in which researchers recorded electrical activity directly from the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of six people and found that two neighbouring OFC areas are anti-correlated in real time—one becoming more active before participants chose to pursue a reward, the other before they chose to avoid a risk—with signals flickering rapidly between the two regions before settling on a choice in tough decisions.

A report in Cell describes an artificial-intelligence system for ageing biology that introduces large language models trained on ageing data, a suite of 17 benchmark tasks for evaluating these and other LLMs on ageing-related projects, and an interface that brings the models and other ageing research tools together with AI agents; using these benchmarks, the authors compared their specialist LLMs with much larger commercial models from companies including OpenAI and DeepSeek, finding that the ageing-tailored LLMs outperformed the large LLMs in many, though not all, tests.

This work presents nanorepertoire, an end-to-end Nextflow DSL2 pipeline dedicated to camelid VHH nanobody repertoires that takes paired-end AIRR-seq FASTQ files through quality control, adapter trimming, read merging, in-silico translation, CD-HIT clonotyping and deep-learning CDR3 annotation with nanoCDR-X, and returns an interactive HTML report covering clonal architecture, CDR3 length and amino-acid composition, intra-clonal homogeneity, repertoire diversity and the computational carbon footprint of the run; applied to two publicly available SARS-CoV-2 RBD-selected llama libraries (4.

This work presents AlphaBridge, a reproducible, objective, and automated toolkit, also available as a web server, that combines AlphaFold3 confidence metrics to cluster sequence motifs participating in binary interactions and subsequently in 3D interfaces of complexes, visualizes interaction interfaces within confidence limits via chord diagrams, network graphs, and summary tables of predicted interfaces and intermolecular interactions linked to interactive graphics, and was validated for scoring binary and multi-component protein complexes with real-life examples discussed.

This review synthesizes the 15 MAPK homologues across pathogenic Leishmania species, linking individual kinases to parasite differentiation, intracellular survival, stress tolerance, motility, virulence and drug response, distinguishing experimentally validated mechanistic targets from computationally proposed candidates, and evaluating small-molecule and natural-product inhibitors, drug repurposing, structure-guided approaches, and emerging contributions from molecular dynamics, AlphaFold-based modelling, artificial intelligence and nanotechnology, while noting evidence for MAPK10 as a vaccine-associated antigen.