Dynamic concurrency in three frontier coding agents: limited long-horizon gains, token use rising to 1.41–3.31 times sequential
This work presents the first systematic study of native dynamic concurrency in Codex, Claude Code, and Kimi Code, running controlled concurrent-versus-sequential comparisons on 354 tasks from four long-horizon benchmarks and one bounded benchmark for 2,124 executions; concurrency helps most on long-horizon tasks and little or negatively on bounded ones, raises token use to 1.41–3.31 times sequential, and yields a taxonomy of four main categories, 13 subcategories, and 28 concurrency failure patterns.