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# Full-Duplex Dialogue

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  1. arXiv

    Full-duplex speech models collapse around ten minutes: self-distillation plus two-resolution context cuts content and voice degradation by 71–96%

    Full-duplex spoken dialogue models drift over long sessions, becoming slower to respond, less coherent and less consistent in voice, and long-session stability had not been targeted by dedicated training or architecture. A closed-loop simulated user quantifies this minute by minute across four public models, then privileged-context self-distillation applies lightweight LoRA adaptation and a two-resolution context (TRC) compresses older history. Across three architecturally distinct models, self-distillation mitigates degradation within the ten-minute training horizon, and adding TRC reduces spoken-content and voice degradation by 71–96% relative to baseline while extending the gains to twenty-minute sessions.

  2. arXiv

    Duplex-MPE tests 2,000 multi-party dialogue scenarios and finds that talking more is not answering better, with MiniCPM-o 4.5 leading three of four capabilities

    The authors introduce Duplex-MPE, a benchmark of 2,000 paired scenarios with three or four human speakers plus an assistant named Aria, contrasting explicit naming with implicit addressing, and evaluate five open-weight full-duplex speech systems on continuous audio without transcripts, speaker labels or turn boundaries using four scores—fresh response initiation, conditional answer accuracy, silence preservation and answering-window yield—finding that MiniCPM-o 4.5 leads on three scored capabilities while frequent speech from other systems often coexists with inaccurate answers or failures to remain silent.

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