Hongshu Wang

The work proposes Proof-Sketch-Guided Formal Model Synthesis (ProGS), an autoformalization method centered on model-based proof sketches: a sketch represents the proof structure of the target formal system as a tree, with internal nodes capturing case splits and inductive reasoning steps and leaf nodes corresponding to concrete state-transition events that realize individual subgoals; LLMs generate and repair these sketches, and verification failures are mapped back to specific nodes and subtrees to provide structured guidance for iterative repair; evaluation on a benchmark of 27 formal systems shows ProGS improves over state-of-the-art agentic formal modeling approaches in syntactic validity, deductive verifiability, and behavioral correctness.

The work proposes Proof-Sketch-Guided Formal Model Synthesis (ProGS), an autoformalization method centered on model-based proof sketches: a sketch represents the proof structure of the target formal system as a tree, with internal nodes capturing case splits and inductive reasoning steps and leaf nodes corresponding to concrete state-transition events that realize individual subgoals; LLMs generate and repair these sketches, and verification failures are mapped back to specific nodes and subtrees to provide structured guidance for iterative repair; evaluation on a benchmark of 27 formal systems shows ProGS improves over state-of-the-art agentic formal modeling approaches in syntactic validity, deductive verifiability, and behavioral correctness.