Minjong Cheon

Rescene-ESM freezes an AI weather model trained only for medium-range forecasting as its atmosphere and builds observation-constrained physical ocean, sea-ice, land, river, carbon-cycle and energy-balance components around it. A coupling ladder shows that stochastic SST forcing and the land's moisture flux raise El Niño–Southern Oscillation amplitude and teleconnections step by step toward observed levels while the mean climate barely moves. The full model simulates about 1,000 years per day on one GPU, holds a thousand-year control without drift, and carries emissions scenarios through rivers to population heatwave exposure.

Rescene-ESM freezes an AI weather model trained only for medium-range forecasting as its atmosphere and builds observation-constrained physical ocean, sea-ice, land, river, carbon-cycle and energy-balance components around it. A coupling ladder shows that stochastic SST forcing and the land's moisture flux raise El Niño–Southern Oscillation amplitude and teleconnections step by step toward observed levels while the mean climate barely moves. The full model simulates about 1,000 years per day on one GPU, holds a thousand-year control without drift, and carries emissions scenarios through rivers to population heatwave exposure.