A preoperative clue for pediatric Wilms tumor subtypes: D* separates stromal from epithelial, mixed and regressive slices
Pediatric Wilms tumor is treated with preoperative chemotherapy under the SIOP-RTSG 2016 UMBRELLA protocol, and histological subtyping comes only after surgery, leaving no reliable preoperative marker. A retrospective study fitted intravoxel incoherent motion imaging with implicit neural representations and used patient-specific 3D-printed cutting guides to align MRI slices with histopathology slices, comparing parameters across subtypes in 94 slices from 30 lesions. Median D* was significantly higher in stromal than in epithelial, mixed and regressive slices, while D, f and ADC showed no significant differences between subtypes.