Microwell platform for single-cell applications and future integration with artificial intelligence (AI)
This review examines how microwell platforms determine the information obtainable from individual cells through cell-loading strategies, well geometry, platform architecture and material selection, reviews their applications in cellular behaviour and cell-cell interactions, secretome analysis, genomic and transcriptomic profiling, and drug screening and precision medicine, and distinguishes AI approaches directly demonstrated in microwell-based studies from those still prospective, indicating that linking microwell engineering with AI-driven analysis can move microwell-based single-cell research from measurement towards prediction and autonomous discovery.