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arXiv

FermatSyn combines SAM2 priors with Fermat-spiral Mamba scanning to synthesize missing medical modalities, topping four brain-imaging benchmarks while segmenters trained on its synthetic images match real-image training

The work proposes FermatSyn, which injects anatomical priors via LoRA+ fine-tuning of a frozen SAM2 vision encoder, preserves high-frequency lesion detail with HRDM and CIN, and builds an approximately isotropic receptive field through continuity-constrained Fermat spiral scanning inside a bidirectional Mamba; on SynthRAD2023 and merged BraTS (including BraTS-MEN and BraTS-MET) it surpasses compared methods on PSNR, SSIM, FID and 3D structural consistency, and segmentation models trained on its synthesized images show no significant difference from real-image training (p>0.05).