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arXiv

Replacing human labels with seven models across four abdominal CT datasets removed pretraining's dependence on label quality while direct deployment stayed quality-sensitive

Across four abdominal CT datasets (WORD, AMOS, CT-1K, AbdomenAtlas), the authors generated pseudo-label variants with seven models (nnU-Net, MedSAM, TotalSegmentator, and four STU-Net sizes), then trained DynUNet under identical deterministic settings for in-domain training and for pretraining followed by fine-tuning; in-domain performance rose strongly and non-linearly with label quality and dataset volume partly compensated for quality, whereas fine-tuned models significantly outperformed a no-pretrain baseline in the vast majority of settings and pretraining label quality no longer clearly affected downstream results.