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Nature News

Many Ways for a Cell to Die: From Apoptosis and Necroptosis to Alkaliptosis and Reversible Death

Drawing on a Nature news feature and a Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology review, this column-style summary surveys roughly 20 new cell-death modes described since 1999 — including alkaliptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, sodium-overload death and ruptosis — showing that how a cell dies shapes the signals it releases to neighbours, tissues and immune responses, and that death is not always irreversible, with 'bucket list' delays and anastasis revival.