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World Journal of Methodology

Management of Constipation: A Narrative Review of Evolving Strategies and Methodological Challenges

This narrative review summarizes contemporary strategies for managing constipation, encompassing lifestyle and dietary modifications, pharmacological therapies, behavioral interventions, and surgical options for refractory cases, noting that traditional laxatives remain the mainstay while newer agents such as prosecretory drugs, serotonergic agonists, and bile acid modulators have expanded therapeutic possibilities, that non-pharmacological approaches including biofeedback and neuromodulation provide effective alternatives in selected patients, and that substantial methodological variability in clinical trials across diagnostic criteria, endpoints, and follow-up durations limits generalizability, with future research focused on individualized treatment for refractory constipation, surgical