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Current opinion in oncology

The Evolving Role of Nuclear Medicine in Differentiating Pseudoprogression from Tumor Progression in Gliomas

This review focuses on studies published over the past 18 months and examines the role of molecular PET imaging in differentiating treatment-related changes, especially pseudoprogression, from true tumor progression in gliomas, suggesting that static amino acid PET, particularly [18F]FET, may provide diagnostic information comparable to dynamic acquisition while simplifying protocols, that [68Ga]FAPI PET may add information on the tumor microenvironment, and that quantitative PET parameters are affected by reconstruction algorithms, reference regions and segmentation strategies, with artificial intelligence, radiomics and automated segmentation potentially improving the integration of multimodal and quantitative assessment.